Asian Journal of Medical Principles and Clinical Practice

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome, characterized by inadequate control of blood glucose levels and it is classified into Type 1, Type 2, maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), gestational diabetes, neonatal diabetes, and steroid-induced diabetes. As per the epidemiological data, 537 million adults of the age between 20-79 years age-old are suffering from diabetes. Diabetic mellitus is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. T2DM leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with diabetes-induced micro and macrovascular complications is that major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with T2DM. whose of 102 studies found that T2DM was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of vascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke, independent of other risk factors including age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and systolic BP. The kidney’s role in the reabsorption of glucose from the glucose filtrate has led to an investigation of SGLT2 as a potential therapeutic target for T2DM. SGLT2 inhibitors decrease the capacity of the proximal tubule to reabsorb glucose from the glomerular filtrate. Clinical studies have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors improve glycemic control when employed in patients with both early and late stages of T2DM.SGLT2 inhibitors have the potential to reduce CV risk in patients with T2DM not only through beneficial effects on glycemic control, but also via beneficial effects on body weight, bp, lipids, and serum uric acid.